The Influence of Technological, Organizational, and Environmental (TOE) Factors on MSME Performance with E-Commerce Adoption as a Mediating Variable and Entrepreneurial Orientation as a Moderating Variable in Surabaya
Main Article Content
Desmala Paranti
Nanis Susanti
I.B. Cempena
Changes in transaction patterns from offline to online require people to be able to adapt and utilize technology to the fullest. The results of the 2020-2023 e-commerce survey show that MSMEs using e-commerce in Indonesia are increasing every year. This growth explains the positive trend of using digital technology in business operations. Therefore, this research needs to be conducted to help other business actors understand the importance of using e-commerce as a strategy to improve marketing performance and increase revenue. This study uses a quantitative method involving 154 MSMEs in Surabaya. researchers distributed questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of a five-point Likert scale created using Google Form. After completing the data collection, the next stage was to analyze the data using SmartPLS. The results of the data analysis in this study indicate that in the context of technological, organizational and environmental have a significant influence on e-commerce adoption and e-commerce adoption has a significant influence on MSME performance.Meanwhile, entrepreneurial orientation does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between e-commerce adoption and MSME performance.
Abdulkarem, A., & Hou, W. (2022). The Influence of the Environment on Cross-Border E-commerce Adoption Levels Among SMEs in China: The Mediating Role of Organizational Context. SAGE Open. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221103855
Abebe, M. (2014). Electronic commerce adoption, entrepreneurial orientation and small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) performance. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 21(1), 100–116. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-10-2013-0145
Abed, S. S. (2020). Social commerce adoption using TOE framework: An empirical investigation of Saudi Arabian SMEs. International Journal of Information Management, 53(2020), 102118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102118
Al-Tit, A. A. (2020). E-commerce Drivers and Barriers and their impact on e-customer loyalty in small and medium-sized enterprises (Smes). Business: Theory and Practice, 21(1), 146–157. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2020.11612
Alam, S. S., Ali, M. Y., & Jani, M. F. M. (2011). An empirical study of factors affecting electronic commerce adoption among SMEs in Malaysia. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 12(2), 375–399. https://doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2011.576749
Almunawar, M. N., Auzzali, A., Oseli, N. H., & Ariff, W. Z. A. M. Z. (2022). E-commerce Adoption Among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Brunei Darussalam. International Journal of E-Business Research, 18(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijebr.293297
Bagale, G. S. (2014). Determinants of E-commerce in Indian MSME Sector: A Conceptual Research Model Based on TOE Framework. Universal Journal of Management, 2(3), 105–115. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2014.020301
Gantulga, U., & Sampil, B. (2021). Measuring E-commerce Adoption Behavior of Z-generation in A Developing Country, Evidence from Mongolia. European Journal of Business and Management, 13(8), 177–188. https://doi.org/10.7176/ejbm/13-8-16
Gao, J., Siddik, A. B., Khawar Abbas, S., Hamayun, M., Masukujjaman, M., & Alam, S. S. (2023). Impact of E-commerce and Digital Marketing Adoption on the Financial and Sustainability Performance of MSMEs during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021594
Garg, A. K., & Choeu, T. (2015). The adoption of electronic commerce by Small and Medium Enterprises in Pretoria East. Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 68, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2015.tb00493.x
Hasani, T., Rezania, D., Levallet, N., O’Reilly, N., & Mohammadi, M. (2023). Privacy enhancing technology adoption and its impact on SMEs’ performance. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 15, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790231172874
Herzallah, F., & Mukhtar, M. (2015). Organization information ecology and E-commerce adoption: Effect on organizational SMEs performance. Journal of Computer Science, 11(3), 540–551. https://doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2015.540.551
Hoang, T. D. L., Nguyen, H. K., & Nguyen, H. T. (2021). Towards an economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic: Empirical study on electronic commerce adoption of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. Management and Marketing, 16(1), 47–68. https://doi.org/10.2478/mmcks-2021-0004
Hussain, A., Hussain, R., Akbar, M., Shahzad, A., Poulova, P., & Akbar, A. (2022). E-commerce and SME Performance: The Moderating Influence of Entrepreneurial Competencies. Administrative Sciences, 12(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/ admsci1201001
Irhas, M., Sugandini, D., Istanto, Y., Arundati, R., & Adisti, T. (2020). Adopsi Teknologi Pada UKM.
Isa, S. M., & Alenezi, S. (2022). The Relationship between the Frequency of Technology Use and Electronic Commerce Adoption among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Kuwait. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 15(1), 207–241. https://doi.org/10.22452/ajba.vol15no1.7
Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2018). Principles of Marketing, Seventeenth Edition. In Pearson.
Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing Management. In Pearson Education Limited (Vol. 22).
Laudon, K. C., & Guercio, C. (2018). E-commerce 2018: Business. Technology. Society. In Pearson.
Li, H., Liow, G., & Yuan, S. (2022). E-commerce adoption among micro agri-business enterprise in Longsheng, China: The moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.972543
Nguyen, X. T., Nguyen, T. H., Dang, H. P., Pham, T. L. P., Bui, T. T., Tran, N. M., Huynh, T. A., & Nguyen, N. P. (2022). E-commerce Adoption in Distribution: An Empirical Study on Household Businesses in Food and Beverage Industry. Journal of Distribution Science, 20(2), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.20.02.202202.65
Rahayu, R., & Day, J. (2015). Determinant Factors of E-commerce Adoption by SMEs in Developing Country: Evidence from Indonesia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 142–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.423
Religia, Y., Ekhsan, M., Huda, M., & Fitriyanto, A. D. (2023). TOE Framework for E-commerce Adoption by MSMEs during The COVID-19 Pandemic : Can Trust Moderate ? 6(1), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.15408/aism.v6i1.30954
Salah, O. H., & Ayyash, M. M. (2024). E-commerce adoption by SMEs and its effect on marketing performance: An extended of TOE framework with ai integration, innovation culture, and customer tech-savviness. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), 100183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100183
Setiyani, L., & Yeny Rostiani. (2021). Analysis of E-commerce Adoption by SMEs Using the Technology - Organization - Environment (TOE) Model: A Case Study in Karawang, Indonesia. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 2(4), 1113–1132. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v2i4.246
Shahzad, A., Hassan, R., Abdullah, N. I., Hussain, A., & Fareed, M. (2020). Covid-19 Impact on E-commerce Usage: an Empirical Evidence From Malaysian Healthcare Industry. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8(3), 599–609. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.8364
Sin, K. Y., Osman, A., Salahuddin, S. N., Abdullah, S., Lim, Y. J., & Sim, C. L. (2016). Relative Advantage and Competitive Pressure towards Implementation of E-commerce: Overview of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Procedia Economics and Finance, 35, 434–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(16)00054-x
Susanti, N., Sugiarno, Y., & Kusmaningtyas, A. (2022). Industry 4 . 0 Technology to Improve the Performance of the Cyber Media Industry in Indonesia. 12.
Tamin, M., & Adis, A. A. (2022). The Impact of TOE Framework on E-commerce Advantage Among Small Medium Enterprise ( SME ’ s ) Digital Channel In Malaysia. Journal of Distribution Science, 8, 33–46.
Yacob, S., Sulistiyo, U., Erida, E., & Siregar, A. P. (2021). The importance of E-commerce adoption and entrepreneurship orientation for sustainable micro, small, and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Development Studies Research, 8(1), 244–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2021.1976657
Yacob, S., Sulistiyo, U., Marzal, J., Siregar, A. P., & Mukminun, A. (2023). An Investigation of Entrepreneurial Orientation , Social Media Adoption and E-commerce on MSME Business Performance : An Empirical Study in Indonesia. Revista Galega de Economía, 32(3), 1–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.32.3.9001
Yadnya, I. P., & Santika, I. W. (2017). Pengaruh Inovasi, Adopsi e-commerce, Dan Keunggulan Kompetitif Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran I. Forum Keuangan dan Bisnis Indonesia (FKBI), 347–358.
